Bansonyi snake mask — Baga, Guinea — African tribal art — Ref. 254

Description

The Bansonyi snake is an emblematic ritual object of the Baga, a West African people living mainly in Guinea. It is a sculpture representing a stylised snake, often very long, which plays a central role in the religious and cultural ceremonies of the Baga.

It is used during important rituals and ceremonies by Baga secret societies, particularly during initiations, rites of passage and community ceremonies. It is also an object of protection, invoking spiritual forces to protect the community against dangers, harmful spirits or external influences.

The snake is seen as a guardian protecting the community from spiritual and physical threats. Because of the snake’s ability to shed its skin, it also symbolises rebirth and renewal, themes often addressed in rites of passage and initiations.

Associated with water and earth, the Bansonyi also embodies natural forces essential to the survival and prosperity of the community. It is mainly used during initiation rites for young men, where the snake symbolises transformation and protection; in protective ceremonies intended to repel harmful spirits or shield the community from external threats; and in major ritual events, including festivities connected with fertility and prosperity.

The Bansonyi is not merely an art object, but also a powerful spiritual tool, invoking protective forces and ensuring the continuity of ancestral traditions.

Technical details

Type of piece

Masque

Category

Masks

Ethnic group

Baga

Country

Guinée

Materials

wood, natural pigment

Dimensions

H 160 × W 18 × D 13 cm

Weight

7,2 kg

Estimated dating

second half 20th c.

Laboratory test

Not tested

Reference

254