Anthropomorphic mask — Dan, Côte d’Ivoire/Liberia — African tribal art — Ref. 45

Description

This anthropomorphic mask carved from wood probably belongs to the Dan people, originating from Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia. It is distinguished by its imposing structure, elongated horns and expressive facial expression, characteristic of masks intended for protection and initiation rites.
This type of mask, often designated by the name “zakpai” or “gagon”, was traditionally used to ward off evil spirits and reinforce the authority of secret societies, particularly those linked to warrior and judicial initiations. The exaggerated features, notably the narrowed eyes, frontal scarifications and mouth with protruding teeth, convey the spiritual and protective power of the mask.
The general appearance of the piece shows signs of age, with a patina of use, attesting to probable ritual use. The horns, symbols of strength and power, are finely carved, while the frontal and lateral incisions recall the identity marks of Dan initiatory societies. The lower part of the mask incorporates an animalised body, a rare element that could indicate a particular function in transformation rituals.

Technical details

Type of piece

Masque

Category

Masks

Ethnic group

Dan

Country

Côte d’Ivoire/Libéria

Materials

wood

Dimensions

H 64 × W 11 × D 25 cm

Weight

1,6 kg

Estimated dating

second half 20th c.

Laboratory test

Not tested

Reference

45